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ID naloge: 116 Letnik: 2002 Predmet: ginekologija in porodništvo
Pogostnost endometrioze pri zdravih in neplodnih ženskah
Avtor: Mojca Böhm, Janez Mohar
Mentor: doc. dr. Andrej Vogler
POVZETEK
Izhodišca: Endometrioza je pojav tkiva s histološkimi in funkcionalnimi znacilnostmi endometrija zunaj maternicne votline. Zaradi kompleksnosti klinicne simptomatike in naravnega poteka bolezni, številnih variacij v anatomski in morfološki strukturi, neznane etiologije in dejavnikov tveganja, pomanjkljive klasifikacije in nezmožnosti diagnosticiranja te bolezni v splošni populaciji, ostaja pogostnost endometrioze pri ženskah v reproduktivni dobi brez simptomov in znakov bolezni še vedno neznana. Obolenje je verjetno najpogostejši vzrok neplodnosti oziroma zmanjšane plodnosti.
Namen: V raziskavi smo želeli ugotoviti pogostnost endometrioze v populaciji zdravih žensk in opredeliti endometriozo kot pomemben vzrok neplodnosti.
Hipoteze: Endometrioza je relativno pogosto stanje pri zdravih asimptomatskih ženskah in predstavlja najpogostejši vzrok ženske neplodnosti.
Preiskovanke in metode dela: Raziskava je potekala retrospektivno. Preiskovanke smo razdelili v dve skupini. V prvi skupini je bilo 378 zdravih asimptomatskih žensk, ki so želele laparoskopsko sterilizacijo, v drugi skupini pa je bilo 111 primarno in sekundarno neplodnih žensk, ki jim je bila z namenom odkrivanja vzroka neplodnosti opravljena diagnosticna laparoskopija. Iz osebnih popisov preiskovank smo dobili anamnesticne in laparoskopske podatke o pogostnosti in stadiju endometrioze, klinicnih simptomih in starosti preiskovank. Dobljene podatke smo primerjali med zdravimi in neplodnimi ter med primarno in sekundarno neplodnimi preiskovankami. Statisticno znacilno razliko smo ovrednotili pri p ?Ü 0,05.
Rezultati: Pogostnost endometrioze v populaciji neplodnih žensk (33 %) je bila znacilno višja (p = 0,01) kot v populaciji zdravih žensk (3,7 %). V obeh skupinah je bila najpogosteje ugotovljena minimalna endometrioza (57 % in 86 %). Med skupinama primarno in sekundarno neplodnih žensk razlika v pogostnosti endometrioze ni bila statisticno znacilna. Endometrioza je predstavljala najpogosteje odkrito patologijo (33 %) v skupini neplodnih preiskovank.
Zakjucki: Endometrioza je prisotna pri relativno veliko zdravih in je hkrati najpogosteje odkrita patologija pri neplodnih ženskah..
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[Abstract / English version]
Pogostnost endometrioze pri zdravih in neplodnih ženskah
Author: Mojca Böhm, Janez Mohar
Mentor: doc. dr. Andrej Vogler
Background: Endometriosis is an appearence of endometriotic tissue with its histological and functional properties outside the uterine cavity. Because of the complexity of clinical symptomatics and a natural course of disease, the numerous variations in anatomical and morphological structure, the unknown aethiology and risk factors, the deficient classification and incapability of diagnosing this disease in general population, frequency of endometriosis in women at the time of their reproductive age witout symptoms and signs of disease still remains unknown. This disease is probably the most frequent cause of infertility and lower fertility, respectively.
Objective: In our study we wanted to estimate the frequency of endometriosis in a population of healthy women and to define the endometriosis as an important cause of infertility.
Hypothesis: Endometriosis is a relatively common condition in healthy, asymptomatic women and represents the most frequent cause of female infertility.
Patients and methods: The study has been carried out retrospectively. We divided our women in 2 groups. In the first group there were 378 healthy asymptomatic women who wanted laparoscopic sterilisation. In the other group there were 111 primarily and secondarily infertile women, on which the diagnostic laparoscopy was performed, in order to discover the cause of infertility. From medical records of all the patients we gathered anamnestic and laparoscopic data about the frequency and state of of endometriosis, clinical symptoms and the age of women. We compared those data between healthy and infertile women and between primarily and secondarily infertile women. We evaluated statisticaly significant difference at p ?Ü 0,05.
Results: The freqency of endometriosis in the group of infertle women (33 %) has been significantly higher (p = 0,001) than in the group of health women (3,7 %). Most often minimal endometriosis has been found in both groups (57 % vs. 86 %). The difference in frequency of endometriosis between the groups of primarily and secondarily infertile women has not been statistically significant. Endomeriosis has represented the most frequently found pathology (33 %) in the group of infertile women.
Conclusions: Endometriosis is present in a relatively high number of healthy women and is at the same time the most common found pathology among infertile women.
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